Mars Correct Report Contents

Table of Contents for MARS CORRECT – CRITIQUE OF ALL NASA MARS WEATHER DATA. This report was updated on February 25, 2021.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents…………………………………………………………..	iii
List of Illustrations………………………………………………………………………..	iv
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………	1
1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………..	2
1.1 Comparison of Martian and terrestrial dust devils……………..………………………	3
1.1.1 Geographic Occurrences and the Greenhouse and Thermophoresis Effect………	3
1.1.2 Seasonal Occurrences and Electrical Properties………………….………………	4
1.1.3. Size and Shape …………………………………………………………………………..	4
1.1.4. Diurnal Formation Rate and Lifetime………………………………………………..	4
1.1.5 Wind Speeds……………………………………………………………………………..	4
1.1.6 Core Temperature Excursions………………………………………………………….	4
1.1.7 Dust Particle Size – The Problem of Martian Dust <2 Microns and Wind Speeds.	4
1.1.8. Core Pressure Excursions………………………………………………………………	5
1.2. NASA Ames Test of Martian Pressures and Dust Devils ……………………………	8
2. OVERVIEW OF PRESSURE INSTRUMENTATION PROBLEMS………………….	9
2.1 Viking 2 and Gay-Lussac’s Law………………………………………………………….	11
2.2 Pathfinder and Phoenix Pressure Issues………………………………………….	16
2.3. Which Transducers Were Used?…………………………………………………	19
2.4. Issues Raised by the FMI	21
2.5. DID ANY TAVIS OR VAISALA TRANSDUCERS PEG OUT AT THEIR MAXIMUM PRESSURES?………………………………………………………………………………………..	27
2.5.1 How extraordinary was the (temporary) 1,149 Pa pressure spike of MSL Sol 370?	27
2.5.2. The importance of gleaning data from identification of our web site readers.	28
2.5.3 Why is it so wrong to alter data to fit an expected curve?	34
2.6 The Dust filter on Viking…………………………………………………………..	38
2.6.1. The issue of Viking pressure reports and digitization…………………………………	38
2.6.2. The issue of daily pressure spikes at consistent time-bins.	39
2.7. MSL Weather Reporting Fiasco	44
3. CAVES ON AND SPIRAL CLOUDS ABOVE ARSIA MONS AND OLYMPUS MONS ON MARS.	47
4. THE ISSUES OF SNOW, WATER ICE, AND CARBON DIOXIDE ON MARS.	49
4.1. Annual Pressure Fluctuations Recorded by Viking 1, Viking 2, and Phoenix –   Maximum Pressure in the Northern Winter?……………………………………………………………	49
4.1.1. Ls of minimum pressure………………………………………………………	50
4.1.2. Ls of maximum pressure…………………………………………………………………..	50
5. RADIO OCCULTATION…………………………………………………………….	63
5.1 Shifting Standards – The Relationship of the MOLA Topography of Mars to the Mean Atmospheric Pressure.	65
6.  SPECTROSCOPY PRESSURE READINGS BY MARS EXPRESS ORBITER.	69
7.  MARTIAN WIND PROBLEMS………………………………………………………………………	70
7.1 Anemometer/Telltale Wind Speed Issues…………………………………………………	71
7.2 Martian Bedforms – Too Much Movement of Sand Dunes and Ripples for 6.1 mbar	72
7.2.1 Issues Raised by the paper on Planet-wide sand motion on Mars by Bridges et al. (2012)	73
8. DO DOWNRANGE LANDINGS MEAN THINNER OR THICKER AIR?………..	79
9. DUST OPACITY AND PRESSURE……………………………………………………………….	83
10. EXCESSIVE DECELERATION DURING AEROBRAKING OPERATIONS	90
10.1 Mars Global Surveyor (MGS)……………………………………………………………	90
10.2 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)……………………………………………	91
11. THE GLOBAL DUST STORM OF 2018	92
11.1 Pressures Claimed for the 2018 Global Dust Storm	95
11.2 Brief Summary of 2018 Dust Storm Data	106
11.3 Possibility of a Biological Factor in Lifting Dust	106
11.3.1 Martian Dust Storm Seasons	107
11.4 Martian Dust Storm Paths and Radioactive Areas	107
12. MARS PATHFINDER PRESSURES	109
13. THE POTENTIAL PRESSURE ON MARS………………………………………	111
13.1 Did NASA ever publicly back 20 mbar on Mars?	111
13.2 Biology, Methane, and a Possible Hint of the Real Martian Air Pressure…………………..	112
13.3 Recurring Slope Lineae (RSL), Perchlorates and Running Water on Mars…………..	116
13.3.1 Length of daylight where RSL are found………………………………………………..	116
13.3.2 Latitudes, times and temperatures for evidence of running water………………….	118
13.3.3 The role of perchlorates in RSL…………………………………………………………	119
13.4 Other Water on Mars – the Frozen Sea at Utopia Planitia	121
13.5 The High End of Pressure Estimates for Mars…………………………………………………	125
13.6. Pressure Drop as MSL Climbs Mt. Sharp vs. Scale Height Predictions.	129
14. RELATIVE HUMIDITY	138
15. TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT CONCERNS	141
15.1. Ground Temperature Problems	143
15.2. Winter Ground Temperatures above freezing in MSL Year 2	150
15.3. Why the early winter ground temperatures are so important and possible life seen on Sol 1185	150
15.3.1 Evidence of Life on Mars.	152
15.4. MSL Air and Ground Temperature Differences.	156
15.4.1. Oxygen Solubility in near-surface Martian environments and aerobic life.	158
15.5. MSL Diurnal Temperature Variations………………..	160
15.5.1. Why does the temperature fall more degrees at MSL in summer nights than winter nights?	164
15.6. Probable Failure of the Ground Temperature Sensor or Personnel Issues?	164
15.6.1 Failure of the Temperature Sensor.	171
15.6.2 Personnel Issues.	171
15.6.3 Mixed messages about the range and sensitivity of pressure sensors sent to Mars.	173
15.6.4. A Possible Excuse for REMS Errors.	178
15.7 Temperature, Pressure and Albedo	179
16. ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND CLOUD COVER AT MSL.	183
16.1 Solar Longitude for sols at MSL with very high and low ultraviolet radiation.	185
17. CRASH OF THE EXOMARS 2016 SCHIAPARELLI LANDER	194
17.1 ESA gets smarter – Raises ExoMars orbit due to excessive density of Mars’s atmosphere	197
18. CONCLUSIONS……………………………………………………………………….	199
19. RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………………………………………..	206
20. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………………………	207
AFTERWORD: What difference could this all possibly make? ………………	208
21. REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………………………………	214

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE BASIC REPORT

FIGURE	TOPIC	PAGE
1	Arsia Mons dust devils	3
2	Utah dust devil pressure drop	5
3	Pressure drops at Phoenix and Pathfinder	6
4	Relative magnitude of 0.62 mbar increase in pressure for Viking 1 at its sol 332.3 and pressure drops or 79 convective vortices/dust devils at Mars pathfinder	7
5A	First photo from the surface of Mars and dust kicked up	10
5B	Rocks on the deck of the MSL Curiosity	10
6	Pressure calculator with Gay-Lussac Pressure Law and Viking 2 results.	12
7	Prediction success totals per time-bin and corresponding % of successful predictions.	13
8	Sample of Annex F – Viking 1 daily pressure predictions & measurements with cyclic accuracies for pressure predictions	14
9A-9C	Relationship of temperature changes to pressure changes on Viking 2	15
10A	Tavis Viking CAD Diagram 10011	17
10B	Tavis Pathfinder CAD Diagram 10484	18
10C	Three different Tavis transducers	19
10D	Tavis was used on both Pathfinder and Insight	20
11A	Vaisala 10484 pressure transducer on Phoenix and MSL	21
11B	Relative size of dust filters for Mars landers	22
12A	Pressure and Temperatures Recorded by Phoenix	23
12B	Except for Sol 370 the black MSL pressure curve is suspiciously too close to the Viking 2 curve above it and the Viking 1 curve below it.	24
13	Quality control Individuals test.	27
14A	MSL sensor pegged out at max pressure	30
14B	MSL pressure sols 369-371	29
14C	The REMS team alters the critical MSL Sol 370 pressure data	31
14D	Ashima Research has not yet altered the critical MSL Sol 370 pressure data	31
14E	REMS also alters pressures for Sols 1160 and 1161.	32
14F	REMS again revises pressures for Sols 1300 and 1301.	33
14G	REMS alters temperature data too when it is off the curve.	34
15A	MSL REMS Block Diagram	35
15B	Real Mars Sky Color	35
16A	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 to .34 time-bins. Sols 1-116.	40
16B	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 134 -199.	40
16C	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 200-219.	40
16D	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 220-304	40
16E	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 305-334	41
16F	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 335-350	41
16G	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 156-175	41
16H	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 176-199.	41
16I	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 201-260.	42
16J	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 261-290.	42
16K	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 291- 305.	42
16L	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 306-361	42
17A	REMS Team data confusion	45
17B	Data day length and wind report changes from Ashima Research due to our efforts	45
18A-D	Inverse relationship between MSL pressures and temperatures	46
19	Caves on Arsia Mons	48
20	Spiral clouds over Arsia Mons and Olympus Mons	48
21A	1,177Pa and 1,200 Pa maximum pressures published	51
21B	Approximate display of how MSL pressure data fits in with VL-2, VL-1 and Phoenix data.	52
22A	Ashima Research does not support exact minimum MSL pressures published by the REMS Team	53
22B	REMS plays games with the minimum pressure so far for MSL Year 3 on Sol 2002.	56
23	Pressure curve for MSL’s first 866 sols.	60
24	Radio Occultation Points on Mars with locations of Olympus Mons and Arsia Mons indicated	67
25	MOLA map of Mars with topographic features, landing sites, and methane plumes	68
26A	Mars Express OMEGA spectroscopy-derive surface pressures	69
26B	Four years of in situ pressures at Viking 1 lander site	69
27	Phoenix telltale waving in Martian wind	72
28	Wind speeds recorded at Viking 1 for its sols 1 to 116 and 134 to 350	75
29	Wind speeds recorded at Viking 2 for its sols 1 to 399	76
30	Erasure of Spirit’s tracks during the 2007 global dust storm	77
31	Dust Storms and pressures recorded at Vikings 1 and 2.	78
32	Reconstructed density for Spirit landing	80
33	Reconstructed density for  Opportunity entry	80
34	Reconstructed density for Phoenix entry	81
35	Dust storm in  Phoenix, Arizona	82
36	Sols 852 to 858 REMS vs. Malin	83
37	Opacity changes at Opportunity from sols 1205 to 1235.	89
38	VL1 pressure and opacity	90
39	Actual Dynamic Pressure – normalized to an altitude of 121 km	91
40	2019 Global Dust Storm Sols 2082 to 2090	93
41	2018 Global Dust Storm blacks out the sun at Opportunity	94
42	Two images from the Mast Camera (Mastcam) on NASA’s Curiosity rover depict the change in the color of light illuminating the Martian surface	95
43	The altitude from – July 26, 2016 to October 15, 2016 was somewhere between 4,400 meters in July to 4,360 meters below areoid.	96
44	Possible correlation between radioactive hot spots and dust storm origination on Mars?	108
45	Time-averaged surface pressures for 30 sols of Pathfinder	109
46	Diurnal pressure cycle for MSL Sol  10 and MPF Sols 9 and 10	110
47	History of beliefs about Martian Atmospheric Pressure	112
48	Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM)	113
49	Methane spikes seen by MSL at Gale Crater.	114
50A-I plus Plates 5 and 6	The Color of the Martian Sky	115
51	Recurring Slope Lineae (RSL)	117
52	Location of RSL on Mars	118
53	Projected surface and subsurface temperature to 10 cm depth at Melas Chasma	119
54	Relation between temperature, season & direction for RSL at Melas Chasma	119
55	Spectroscopy, RSL & perchlorates/Perchlorates and boiling point on Mars	121
56	Map of Utopia Planitia where a water ice sea was found on Mars	123
57	Pressure predictions based on stratus clouds 16 km over Mars Pathfinder	128
58	Gale Crater topographic map	131
59	Comparison of scale heights in The Martian Climate Revisited and on a NASA web site.	134
60	Comparison of pressure readings by Viking 1, Viking 2, Mars Phoenix, and MSL	137
61	Relative humidity is missing from REMS weather reports	138
62	Relative humidity claims for Gale crater	139
63	Relative humidity in the blast zone, arriving at Rocknest, leaving Rocknest and at Glenelg in Gale Crater.	140
64	The REMS Team drops above freezing temperatures to below freezing	142
65	Huge uncertainty of MSL ground temperatures	143
66	MSL temperature sensor range	145
67	MSL ground temperature sensor	146
68	Mars Science Laboratory high air and ground temperatures for 3+ Martian years.	147
69	Mars Science Laboratory low air and ground temperatures for 3+ Martian years.	148
70	Unaveraged periodic temperature data from Mars Pathfinder (0.25 meters to 1 meter height)	149
71	The green spherical and cocoon-like objects seen on sols 1185 and 1189. The green spheres might be photosynthetic life.	151
72A	The putative ooids found in the same area as the spheres shown on Figure 57A might be simply smaller versions of the same phenonena.	153
72B	Figure 72B: Likely growth and reproduction of life on Mars. From R Gabriel Joseph el al, 2019.	153
73	Elevations and ground temperatures encountered while MSL was at positions noted by JPL. Possible life was seen on Sol 1185, along with a warmer than expected high ground temperature. The position noted for MSL for Sol 1248 is a return to within 20 meters of where the potential life was seen before. Then it moved within about 10 meters of the site.	154
74	Some of the unusually warm ground temperatures including five above freezing seen early in MSL Year 2 Winter.	155
75A	Diurnal drop in high temperatures from the ground up to 1.5 meters above ground level at MSL	156
75B	Graph of temperature drops at MSL for its summer (Year 2) and Winter (Year 2 to 3)	156
76	Location of meteorological sensors on Booms 1 and 2 of MSL.	159
77	While low air temperatures for sols 1670 and 1671 were both -76° C, the ground temperature lows differed by 30° C.	163
78	Sols 1720 to 1721 – Record low of -136° C.	163
79	Results from Spectroscopy when matching RSL with perchlorates	164
80	MSL Sols 1717 to 1721 topography with altitudes below areoid with low air and ground temperatures posted by the REMS Team.	166
81	JPL identified positions and MOLA altitudes for sols 1639 to 1671.  Low air and ground temperatures were added based on REMS Team weather reports.	167
82	JPL published the positions for MSL Sols 1635, 1636, 1639, 1642, 1643, 1645, 1646, 1648 and 1649. During these dates low ground temperatures varied between -79° and -93° C. However, the dates that they did not show had ground temperature lows that varied from -80° and -111° C with five temperatures colder than -101° C, the coldest temperature ever observed by MSL.	168
83	Alteration of REMS Team report for Sol 1605 after we questioned it.It is quite apparent that before March, 2017 reports that vary too  much from the preceding day or previous Martian year at the same Ls do not survive long at the REMS site at  http://cab.inta-csic.es/rems/en.	172
84	Viking 1 and Viking 2 error in unit conversion	174
85	The REMS Team would not permit low temperatures warmer than -50°  C.	175
86	Print-screen (recorded on July 23, 2017) of the FMI Abstract entitled Pressure and Humidity Measurements at the MSL Landing Site Supported by Modeling of the Atmospheric Conditions.	176
87	The Vaisla Pressure sensor and its range as depicted by Spaceflight101.com. (1150 Pa top pressure)	177
88	REMS puts out a new maximum pressure for MSL. This time it’s 1400 Pa (14 mbar).	178
89	Maximum temperature calculated according to Boltzman’s Law with TES measurements from the equator to -10° latitude (10° South latitude)	179
90	Combining day and night infrared shooting, I have obtained this map in false colors where red spots area areas that tend to warm up more quickly during the day, while green resembles areas that tend to retain more warmth overnight, everything else is shown in blue.	181
91	Ls of Mars when MSL was experiencing low UV or very high UV.	186
92	Initial low UV values reported by the REMS Team and how the reports were altered. All low UV values between Sol 608 (April 22, 2014) and Sol 1200 on December 22, 2015 were obliterated by February 22, 2016.	188
93	After the REMS Team (a) dropped all UV values and (b) read our concerns about their behavior they changed at least 12 sols back to low UV. See Figure 77B for the rest of such changes.	189
94	After the REMS Team (a) dropped all UV values and (b) read our concerns about their behavior they changed at least 12 sols back to low UV. Figure 77B shows such changes that were not documented on Figure 77A	190
95	Not all changes away from low UV were restored. As of October 12, 2017 no such restoration has made yet for Sol 1006.	191
96	Sunny skies advertised for MSL Sols 82 to 88 were not backed by the MSSS MARCI images	193
97	ESA gets smarter – Raises ExoMars orbit due to excessive density of Mars’s atmosphere	198
98	Changes in sky color and opacity due to the dust storm at MSL between May and June 2018.	203

 

TABLES IN THE BASIC REPORT

TABLE	TOPIC	PAGE
1	Pressure at various elevations on Mars based on a scale height of 10.8 and a pressure at Mars Areoid of 6.1 mbar.	8
2	Viking 1 cyclic accuracies for pressure predictions.	12
3	Pressures revised by JPL/MSL after we highlighted them	25-26
4A	Sample of how the Mars Correct team tracks weather data published by the REMS Team/JPL	37
4B	Digitization limitations and the specific pressures reported by VL-2 for its first summer on Mars	39
5	Viking 1 Time-bin pressure and temperature change studies	43
6	Viking 2 Time-bin pressure and temperature change studies	44
7	Pressures @ LS 90 and minimum pressures seen by VL-1, VL-2 and MS8	54
8	Landers and expected pressures based on landing altitude	54
9	Comparison of Viking 1 and Viking 2 Pressures for Ls 270	58
10	Variations in day length at Ls 70 South	59
11	Comparison of Martian Pressures via Radio Occultation & Calculated Scale Height Calculations	63
12	Six attempts by Mariners 4, 6 and 7 to measure pressure by radio occultation.	65
13	Profile of the windiest Viking day on Mars	74
14	Extracts of the MSSS reports that mention cloudy or dusty weather at the Curiosity Rover in Gale Crater, Mars, and weather in equatorial regions where Curiosity is found.	84-88
15A	MSL Sols, Ls and Altitude in Meters Below Areoid	97
15B	REMS weather data for the 2018 Global Dust Storm	99-102
15C	Length of Sols on Mars at key solar longitudes related to dust storms	107
16	Calculation For Pressure At Utopia Planitia (Based on 6.1 mbar at areoid)	122
17	Pressure and altitudes for MSL Years 2 and 3 between Ls 11 and 19	130
18A	Pressure calculations for altitudes discussed above using a scale height of 10.8 km	132
18B	Pressure calculations for altitudes discussed above using a scale height of 11.1 km	133
19	Pressures over 925 Pa revised by JPL/REMS after we highlighted them or published them in earlier version of our Report	135
20	MSL temperatures altered by the REMS Team in July, 2013	141
21	Usually warm ground temperatures early in the winter of MSL year 2	151
22	Coldest air and ground temperatures for the first 29 Martian months of MSL operations on mars	161
23	MSL maximum and minimum air and ground temperatures Sols 1634 to 1684	169-170
24	Initial ultraviolet radiation reported through 1,256 sols at MSL.	183
25	UV radiation reported up to Sol 1,338 after the REMS Team dropped all 19 original low UV values and then restored 12 of them.	184
26	UV for 2,007 MSL sols	185
27	Weather at MSL for Sols 2080 to 2097 during the  2018 Global Dust Storm	196-197

 

ANNEXES (with links) AND APPENDICES

 

SECTION	TOPIC	PAGE
Annex Abstract	Overview of data in the Annexes	A-1
ANNEX A	VIKING 1 MORNING PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE CHANGES and Mars Time-Bin Clock. http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20A%203%20SEP%202013.pdf	A-2 toA-59
ANNEX A Appendix 1	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 to .34 time-bins. Sols 1-116.http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20A%203%20SEP%202013.pdf	A-3 to A-22
Appendix 2	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 134-199.	A-23 toA-34
Appendix 3	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 200-219.	A-35 to A-38
Appendix 4	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 220-304	A-39 to    A-50
Appendix 5	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 305-334	A-51 to    A-55
Appendix 6	VL-1 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 335-350	A-56 to    A-59
ANNEX B	VIKING 2 MORNING PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE CHANGEShttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20B%209%20September%202013.pdf	B-1 to B-39
Appendix 1	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 156-175	B-2 to B-5
Appendix 2	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 176-199.	B-6 to B-10
Appendix 3	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 201-260.	B-11 to     B-20
Appendix 4	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 261-290.	B-21 to     B-26
Appendix 5	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 291-305.	B-27 to     B-30
Appendix 6	VL-2 pressures of .26 to .3 time-bins & .3 and .34 time-bins. Sols 306-361	B-31 to     B-39
ANNEX C	VIKING 2 STUCK PRESSURE GAUGEhttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20C%209%20September%202013.pdf	C-1 to C-54
ANNEX D	PERCENT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEASURED PRESSURES ON VIKING AND GAY-LUSSAC/ AMONTON’S LAW-BASED PREDICTIONS http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20D%20%209%20September%202013.pdf	D-1 to D-171
Appendix 1	Viking 1 Sols 1 to 199	D-3 to D-94
Appendix 2	Viking 1 Sols 200 to 350	D-95 to    D-171
ANNEX E	Measured vs. Predicted Pressure Percent Differences for Viking-1 Time-bins 0.3 and 0.34 http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20E%209%20September%202013.pdf	E-1 to E-14
ANNEX F	Percent Difference Experimental Summaryhttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20F%20%2010%20September%202013.pdf	F-1 to F-18
Appendix 1	Percent Difference Flow Chart for Viking 1 Sols 1 to 116 & 200 to 350	F-5 to F-16
Appendix 2	Histogram with temperatures at successful predictions per time-bins	F-17 to     F-18
ANNEX G	Tavis Transducer Specifications and Test Resultshttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20G%2010%20September%202013.pdf	G-1 to G-13
ANNEX H	Calibration Effort for the Mars Pathfinder Tavis Pressure Transducer and IMP Windsock Experimenthttp://marscorrect.com/Annex%20H%20%209%20September%202013.pdf	H-1 to H-43
ANNEX I	Pressures Reported by the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS).http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20I%209%20September%202013.pdf	I-1 to I-28
Appendix 1	Print Screen Record of Original REMS Team and Ashima Research MSL Weather Reports	I-12 to I-28
ANNEX J	Concessions by Ashima Research and How to Correctly Calculate Daylight Hours for MSLhttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20J%20%209%20September%202013.pdf	J- 1to J-19
ANNEX K	REMS Team and Ashima Research Weather Reports from Sol 15 to Sol 299.http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20L%2010%20SEP%202013.pdf	K-1 to K-34
ANNEX L	How Martian Day Length  Varies with Ls and Latitudehttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20L%20July%2014%202014.pdf	L-1 to L-10
ANNEX M	One Year of MSL Weather Reports http://marscorrect.com/Annex%20M%20JULY%2014%202014.pdf	M-1 to M-38
ANNEX N	Weather Reports for MSL Year 2 Ls 151 to Ls 270 (late winter to end of spring), Sols 670 to 864  http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20N.pdf	N-1 to N-13
ANNEX O	Weather Reports for MSL Year 2 Ls 270 to Ls 0  (summer), Sols 865 to 1,020 http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20O.pdf	O-1 to O-11
ANNEX P	Weather Reports for MSL Year 2 Ls 0 to Ls 90  (autumn), Sols 1019 to 1,213 http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20P.pdf	P-1 to P-15
ANNEX Q	Weather Reports for MSL Year 2 to 3 Winter, Ls 90 to Ls 180 (Sols 1,213 to 1,392) http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20Q.pdf	Q-1 to Q-18
ANNEX R	Weather Reports for MSL Year 3 Spring, Ls 180 to Ls 270 (Sols 1,392 to 1,534http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20R%20REVISED.pdf	R-1 to R-37
ANNEX S	Two Martian Years of MSL High Air and Ground Temperatureshttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20S.pdf	S-1 to S41
ANNEX T	Two Martian Years of MSL Low Air and Ground Temperatureshttp://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20T%20TO.pdf	T-1 to T-64
ANNEX U	Comparison of Ultraviolet Radiation and Pressures at Gale Crater, Mars for MSL Years 1, 2 and 3http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20U.pdf	U-1 to U-44
ANNEX V	Weather Reports for MSL Year 3 Summer, Ls 270 to Ls 0 (Sols 1,534 to 1,686http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20V.pdf	V-1 to V-28
ANNEX W	Weather Reports for MSL Year 3 Fall, Ls 270 to Ls 0 (Sols 1,687 to 1,881http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20W.pdf	W -1 to W-24
ANNEX X	Weather Reports for MSL Year 3-4 Winter, Ls 90 to 180 (Sols 1,881to 2060http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20X.pdf	X-1 to X-31
ANNEX Y	Weather Reports for MSL Year 4 Spring, 180 to 270  (Sols to 2060 to 2204) http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20Y.pdf	Y-1 toY-19
ANNEX Z	Weather Reports for MSL Year 4 Summer, 270 to 0  (Sols to 2203 to 2357) http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20Z.pdf	Z-1 to Z-19
ANNEX AA	Weather Reports for MSL Year 4 Fall, Ls 0 to 90 (Sols 2357 to 2550) http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20AA.pdf	AA-1 to AA-21
ANNEX BB	Weather Reports for MSL Year 4-5 Winter, Ls 90 to 180 (Sols 2,550 to 2728http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20BB.pdf	BB-1 to BB-26
ANNEX CC	Weather Reports for MSL Year 5 Spring, Ls 180 to 270 (Sols 2729 to 2871)http://marscorrect.com/ANNEX%20CC.pdf	CC-1 to CC-16

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX A

 

FIGURE	TOPIC	PAGE
1	Martian Time-Bin Clock	A-2

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX F

FIGURE	TOPIC	PAGE
1	Prediction success totals per time-bin.	F-1
2	% Differences between measured & predicted pressures as a function of time	F-2

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX G

FIGURE	TOPIC	PAGE
1	Tavis pressure sensors tested according to the Alvin Seiff papers	G-1
2	Tavis Viking CAD Diagram 10011	G-2
3	NASA Report No. TM X-74020 (Mitchell Report: Tavis Transducer Tests)	G-3
4	Photo of the Tavis P-4 pressure sensor	G-4
5	Transducer Selection Slide by Professor James E. Tillman	G-6
6	Tavis Pathfinder CAD Diagram 10484	G-7
7	Design diagrams for Tavis transducers (Models P-1, P-2, P-4, P-5, P-6, P-7 and P-8)	G-8
8	P-4 Transducers (S/N 1583 and S/N 1591) used for test of Viking pressures sensors after the launch of the two Vikings.	G-9
9	Relative sizes of dust filters used for Tavis and Vaisala transducers.	G-9
10	Table of Characteristics of Tavis transducers (Models P-1, P-2, P-4, P-5, P-6, P-7 & P-8)	G-10
11	Tavis Transducer purchasing information	G-11
12	Temperature Malfunction During (Viking) Cruise Environment	G-13

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX I

FIGURE	TOPIC	PAGE
1	Pressure data for MSL Sols 10.5 to 13	I-1
2	MSL temperature data for Sols 10 to 11.5	I-1
3A	REMS Team and Ashima Research coverage of weather at MSL back in August, 2012, and how Ashima was forced to alter their reports on May 11, 2013.	I-2
3B	REMS Team coverage of weather at MSL back in August, 2012, and how their data was revised again on July 3, 2013.	I-3
4	REMS Weather Booms on MSL	I-5
5	Close up of MSL Weather Booms	I-5
6a to 6d	Temperature and pressure were inversely related for the MSL	I-8
7	Combined VL-1, VL-2, Phoenix and MSL Pressure Curves to MSL at Ls 10	I-9
8	MSL pressure graph Ls 158.8 to 199.9	I-10
6	REMS team and Ashima Research reporting problems	I-12

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX J

 

1

Position of Mars at the start of each of its 12 months.

J-4

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX L

 

1

Changing Martian weather data from the REMS Team.

L-2

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX M

 

1	Pressure changes reported for Sol 370.	M-7
2	Pressure changes for Sols 29 and 30	M-38
3	Who is ordering REMS reports temperature changes?	M-40
4	Weather sensors on MSL Curiosity	M-41
5	VL1-, VL-2, Phoenix and MSL pressure curves	M-43

 

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX N

 

1

MSL pressure data up through its Sol 866, Ls 270 – start of the second summer at MSL

N-2

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX O

 

1	MSL pressure data up to Ls 270, start of the second summer	O-1
2	MSL Sol 880 data changes after we highlighted problems	O-9
3	MSL Sol 1006 data changes after we highlighted problems	O-10
4	Mistakes and significant data alterations early on cast real doubt on the accuracy or honesty of MSL weather data.	O-11

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX P

 

1	JPL makes changes to Sol 1,119 data that we predicted	P-12
2	MSL Sol 1145 data changes after we highlighted problems	P-13
3	MSL Sol 1160 and 1161 pressures that are record highs and above the 1,150 Pa limit of the Vaisala pressure sensor	P-14

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX S

 

1	Range of high air and ground temperatures through MSL Years 1 and 2.	S-1
2	REMS weather reports published for MSL Sols 1234 to 1241. Note all the ground temperature highs above 0 degrees Celsius and the incredibly low ground temperature at night – down to -100 degrees Celsius on Sol 1241.	S-2

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX U

 

1	UV at MSL in Gale Crater, Mars up through its sol 1021 and the beginning of its second autumn on Mars. The REMS Team/JPL dropped all low values by February, 2016	U-2
2A	The color for UV used on REMS reports.	U-20
2B	Dose rate at MSL in micrograys per day related to UV levels published on the REMS reports (see Table 2) for ~300 sols	U-20
3A to 3F	Relative positions of Mars and Earth when Low Ultraviolet radiations was originally reported by REMS on Mars.	U-23
4	Stratus clouds seen 1 hours 40 minutes before sunrise at Mars Pathfinder. If the atmosphere there is as thin as NASA claims it is doubtful that there would be light so far before sunrise.	U-24
5	Opportunity turned its rover eyes skyward to observe clouds drifting overhead that look like cirrus clouds on Earth.	U-26
6	Solar longitude (Ls) for Mars when MSL Curiosity originally measured very high UV or low UV. Again, after they read this article, they dropped all the low UV values.	U-27
7	UV, Latitude and Altitude	U-28

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX V

 

1	Sol 1553 to 1554 temperature and pressure anomalies and JPL fix after we highlighted the problem with Sol 1554 pressure and max temperatures.	V-23
2	REMS report for Sol 1575.	V-23
3	Figure 3 – The 35 Pa pressure drop and warm low temperatures on Sol 1605 was altered as predicted	V-24
4	Figure 4 – As predicted, odd data for Sol 1610 was altered – in this case totally deleted	V-25
5	Figure 5 – The ground temperature drop for Sol 1640 was not revised. This marked the beginning of strangely cold temperatures that went unchanged.	V-26
6	Figure 6 – Insane variation in night air to ground temperatures between MSL Sols 1643 and 1650	V-27

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX Z

 

1	Original and revised REMS data for MSL Sols 1998 to 2002.	Z-16
2	Sol 2264 weather data seems out of line due to radical changes in temperature, pressure, and UV.	Z-17
3	Puffballs or Hematite? These spheres were seen on Sol 2357.	Z-18
4	Trek map for MSL Curiosity with note on when spheres were seen.	Z-19

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX CC

 

1

Weather data revised for Weather data revised for Sol 2747.

CC-16

 

 

LIST OF TABLES IN ANNEX S

 

1	Usually Warm Ground Temperatures Early in the Winter of MSL Year 2	S-2
2	High air and ground temperatures for MSL Years 1 and 2.	S-4 to S-40

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN ANNEX Z

 

1	Original and revised REMS data for MSL Sols 1998 to 2002.	Z-16
2	Sol 2264 weather data seems out of line due to radical changes in temperature, pressure, and UV.	Z-17
3	Puffballs or Hematite? These spheres were seen on Sol 2357.	Z-18
4	Trek map for MSL Curiosity with note on when spheres were seen.	Z-19

 

LIST OF TABLES IN ANNEX U

 

1	UV values for MSL Years 1 and 2 before and after JPL dropped all low UV values	U-1
2	Solar Longitude, Pressures and Ultraviolet Radiation for MSL During its First Two Martian Years.	U-3 toU-19
3	The relationships (if any) of solar longitude (Ls), lander altitude, lander latitude, day light hours each sol and UV recorded.	U-21
4	15 Sols with low ultraviolet radiation at Gale Crater Mars and the corresponding UV for these dates in Las Vegas, Nevada BEFORE the REMS Team and JPL dropped all low pressure data.	U-24

 

LIST OF TABLES IN ANNEX X

 

1	Before and after print-screens showing weather that NASA published for sols 2223 and 2228 that we challenged and got NASA to change.	X-29
2	Altitudes around minimum pressure for MSL Year 3	X-30
3	Sol 2043 revised UV	X-31